INFORMATION SECURITY & CONTROL
Why do we need Security?
- To gain Competitive advantage
- To avoid misuse of information
- There are external and as well internal threats
External Threats
- due to internet connection
- due to remote dialing capacities (Dial up connections)
Internal Threats
- password stealing
- users termination from the job & they may misuse the information
- Special privileged Ids
- Access reviews
- Misuse of authorization – means misuse when the data is updated or added
- Routine maintenance
- Software updates
- Virus Check
- Audit and Trials
Control
- Providing best firewall system
- Assuring best labour loyalty
- Having best antivirus security
- Regular updating of software and antivirus
QUALITY ASSURANCE
Quality
– Par Excellence
– A Degree of excellence of a product or services
- Quality Assurance deals with assuring the best of the system quality or a software quality
System Quality
- a degree of excellence of system
- how efficient a system is in __
o reliability
o performance
o updates
Management Role in System Quality Assurance
- must establish and maintain the required specification
- must establish and implement process for developing system
- maintain the evaluation process
- proper testing
- proper training
- deals with each & every level of software, development, implementation & maintenance
How to keep Quality assurance
- Regular feedback and follow up
- Proper Testing
- Proper requisition, specification etc about quality assurance
Ethical & Social Dimensions
FIVE MORAL DIMENSIONS OF THE INFORMATION AGE
The major ethical, social, and political issues raised by information systems include the following moral dimensions:
Information rights and obligations. What information rights do individuals and organizations possess with respect to themselves? What can they protect? What obligations do individuals and organizations have concerning this information?
Property rights and obligations. How will traditional intellectual property rights be protected in a digital society in which tracing and accounting for ownership are difficult and ignoring such property rights is so easy?
Accountability and control. Who can and will be held accountable and liable for the harm done to individual and collective information and property rights?
System quality. What standards of data and system quality should we demand to protect individual rights and the safety of society?
Quality of life. What values should be preserved in an information- and knowledge-based society? Which institutions should we protect from violation? Which cultural values and practices are supported by the new information technology?
KEY TECHNOLOGY TRENDS THAT RAISE ETHICAL ISSUES
Ethical issues long preceded information technology. Nevertheless, information technology has heightened ethical concerns, taxed existing social arrangements, and made some laws obsolete or severely crippled. Information technologies and systems have also created new opportunities for criminal behavior and mischief. There are four key technological trends responsible for these ethical stresses and they are summarized in Table.
TABLE: TECHNOLOGY TRENDS THAT RAISE ETHICAL ISSUES
INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHT
Intellectual property (IP) refers to creations of the mind: inventions, literary and artistic works, and symbols, names, images, and designs used in commerce.
IP is divided into two categories:
Industrial property, which includes inventions (patents), trademarks, industrial designs, and geographic indications of source; and
Copyright, which includes literary and artistic works such as novels, poems and plays, films, musical works, artistic works such as drawings, paintings, photographs and sculptures, and architectural designs.
Rights related to copyright include those of performing artists in their performances, producers of phonograms in their recordings, and those of broadcasters in their radio and television programs. For an introduction to IP for non-specialists.
Copyright is the set of exclusive rights granted to the author or creator of an original work, including the right to copy, distribute and adapt the work. These rights can be licensed, transferred and/or assigned. Copyright lasts for a certain time period after which the work is said to enter the public domain. Copyright applies to a wide range of works that are substantive and fixed in a medium. Some jurisdictions also recognize "moral rights" of the creator of a work, such as the right to be credited for the work.
Trademark or trade mark is a distinctive sign or indicator used by an individual, business organization, or other legal entity to identify that the products or services to consumers with which the trademark appears originate from a unique source, and to distinguish its products or services from those of other entities.
A trademark is designated by the following symbols:
™ (for an unregistered trade mark, that is, a mark used to promote or brand goods)
℠ (for an unregistered service mark, that is, a mark used to promote or brand services)
® (for a registered trademark)
A trademark is a type of intellectual property, and typically a name, word, phrase, logo, symbol, design, image, or a combination of these elements. There is also a range of non-conventional trademarks comprising marks which do not fall into these standard categories.
Patent is a set of exclusive rights granted by a state (national government) to an inventor or their assignee for a limited period of time in exchange for a public disclosure of an invention.
The procedure for granting patents, the requirements placed on the patentee, and the extent of the exclusive rights vary widely between countries according to national laws and international agreements. Typically, however, a patent application must include one or more claims defining the invention which must be new, non-obvious, and useful or industrially applicable. In many countries, certain subject areas are excluded from patents, such as business methods and mental acts. The exclusive right granted to a patentee in most countries is the right to prevent others from making, using, selling, or distributing the patented invention without permission.
Prof. A.R. Sayyed
